Relationship between Catch-up Growth and Changes in Insulin, Leptin, IGF-I, Adiponectin, and Ghrelin in Infants Born Full-term Small for Gestational Age.

Yi,  Yoon Young; Yoo,  Jung Kyung; Park,  Hong Kyu; Yang,  Seung; Hwang,  Il Tae

doi:2011.16.2.112

Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab > Volume 16(2); 2011 > Article

Original Article

Journal of Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology 2011;16(2): 112-118.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6065/jkspe.2011.16.2.112

Relationship between Catch-up Growth and Changes in Insulin, Leptin, IGF-I, Adiponectin, and Ghrelin in Infants Born Full-term Small for Gestational Age.

Yoon Young Yi, Jung Kyung Yoo, Hong Kyu Park, Seung Yang, Il Tae Hwang

¹Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea. ithwang83@hallym.or.kr
²Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE
The aim of the study was to investigate postnatal changes in growth and insulin, leptin, IGF-I, adiponectin, and ghrelin, and to examine the relationship of these hormones with catch-up growth in full-term small for gestational age (SGA) infants. METHODS: SGA was defined as a birth weight less than the ten percentile. Weight and height were measured at birth, 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years of age in 70 SGA infants (40 females and 30 males). The infants were subdivided according to their weight and height catch-up growth (CUG) at 2 years old. CUG is defined as reaching a standard deviation score (SDS) of > -2 SDS. Blood samples were serially taken for insulin, leptin, insulinlike growth factor (IGF)-I, adiponectin, and ghrelin.
RESULTS
1) Dramatic CUG for weight and height occurred during the first year of life; weight and height growth gain decreased thereafter. 2) Non-catch-up growth (NCUG) infants showed more decreased weight and height growth gain than CUG infants between the first and second year of life. 3) Weight CUG was 77.1% and height CUG was 75.8% in the SGA infants. 4) Weight CUG infants showed significantly higher leptin and ghrelin levels than in weight NCUG infants at the age of 1 year (P <0.05). 5) Height CUG infants showed significantly higher leptin and ghrelin levels than in height NCUG infants at the age of 1 year (P <0.05).
CONCLUSION
CUG for weight and height occurred during the first year of life and growth velocity decreased thereafter. Significant corresponding changes occurred with regard to serum leptin and ghrelin.

Keywords: Infant, small for gestational age;Growth